Bitwise Operators Explanation with Examples

Bitwise operators in Python manipulate individual bits of integers. They are useful in tasks such as low-level programming, cryptography, and optimization.

Bitwise Operators Overview

Operator	Description
`&`	Bitwise AND - Sets each bit to 1 if both bits are 1.
`\|`	Bitwise OR - Sets each bit to 1 if at least one bit is 1.
`^`	Bitwise XOR - Sets each bit to 1 if only one of the bits is 1.
`~`	Bitwise NOT - Inverts all the bits.
`<<`	Bitwise Left Shift - Shifts bits to the left, filling with zeros.
`>>`	Bitwise Right Shift - Shifts bits to the right, filling with zeros or sign bit.

Examples

Bitwise AND (&) Example

Performing bitwise AND on integers 5 and 3:

5 (binary: 101)
3 (binary: 011)

Result of 5 & 3 is 1 (binary: 001).

Bitwise OR (|) Example

Performing bitwise OR on integers 5 and 3:

5 (binary: 101)
3 (binary: 011)

Result of 5 | 3 is 7 (binary: 111).

Bitwise XOR (^) Example

Performing bitwise XOR on integers 5 and 3:

5 (binary: 101)
3 (binary: 011)

Result of 5 ^ 3 is 6 (binary: 110).

Bitwise NOT (~) Example

Performing bitwise NOT on integer 5:

5 (binary: 000...000101)

Result of ~5 is -6 (binary: 111...111010 in 32-bit representation).

Bitwise Left Shift (<<) Example

Performing bitwise left shift on integer 5 by 1 position:

5 (binary: 101)

Result of 5 << 1 is 10 (binary: 1010).

Bitwise Right Shift (>>) Example

Performing bitwise right shift on integer 5 by 1 position:

5 (binary: 101)

Result of 5 >> 1 is 2 (binary: 10).